What should a coach do before touching or moving a swimmer with a suspected head, neck, or spinal injury?

The most appropriate action a coach should take before touching or moving a swimmer with a suspected head, neck, or spinal injury is to ensure the safety of the environment, which includes checking whether a lifeguard is on duty. Having trained lifeguards present is crucial, as they possess the skills and tools necessary to manage emergencies related to head and neck injuries effectively. They are trained to follow specific protocols that often involve keeping the swimmer stabilized while emergency medical services are called and ensuring that the area is secure and safe for other swimmers and coaches.

Assessing the swimmer’s level of consciousness is important but should not precede confirming the presence of safety personnel. Calling emergency services is also essential once the situation is deemed serious, but this should typically follow ensuring that all safety protocols are in place. Lifting the swimmer out of the water immediately can exacerbate a potential injury and should be avoided unless trained medical personnel instruct the coach to do so.